In recent vehicles, many engine functions are increasingly controlled by an electronic control unit, eliminating the need for a large number of vacuum hoses and links located around the engines of earlier models.
Systems equipped with a pollution control device (ECM)
- Fuel evaporation reduction system.
- Fuel cut-off system during braking.
- Ignition timing control systems.
- Cold mix heating system.
Systems not equipped with a pollution control device (ECM)
- Forced crankcase ventilation system (PVC).
- Throttle positioner.
- Exhaust gas recirculation system.
- Air suction system.
- Height compensation system.
- Automatic hot air intake system.
- Automatic air damper.
- Air flap device.
- Air damper opening device.