coolant hoses (models up to 1995 release)
Coolant hoses are among the most neglected components of any vehicle. However, careless owners are extremely surprised when a hose breaks or otherwise fails. Hoses age and become stiff and crack over time. They are exposed to high temperatures and pressures up to 1.5 kg/cm2 (during normal operation). Oil is their worst enemy. If it gets on the hose, it should be wiped off immediately. If hoses are not properly secured, they will rub against surrounding components, eventually resulting in pinholes.
When checking the oil and electrolyte levels, also inspect the cooling system hoses. Check the tightness of the clamps every three months or after a long, fast ride. If the clamps cut too deep into the hoses, slide the clamp along the hose or replace the hose. If the hose becomes stiff and cracks begin to progress, replace it immediately.
coolant hoses (models from 1996 release)
If a hose break occurs, stop the engine as soon as possible. Open the hood carefully (there may be a jet of hot coolant under the hood). As soon as possible, throw a piece of thick cloth over the tear. Place another piece of cloth over the radiator/expansion tank cap and twist it to relieve pressure. The jet will then subside and it will be possible to more accurately determine the malfunction. If the problem is with one of the smaller hoses, you may be able to «short out» place of break. If one of the large hoses has ruptured, surgical tape or duct tape can be used as a temporary fix. A more drastic temporary measure would be to cut the hose at the rupture and insert a piece of metal tubing, securing the hose with two clamps. This device will hold liquid well as long as you can install a new hose.
Never pour cold water into a hot engine if it is not running: this is the surest way to crack the cylinder head. If there is enough coolant in the system, you can fill in cold liquid by adding it to the hot one.
Finally, if a hose break occurs, the cause must be determined before any action can be taken. A rupture can be caused by hose aging or neglect. In this case, nothing is required other than replacing the hose. However, if it was a new hose, the cause should be investigated immediately.