Starter: 1 - front cover; 2 - restrictive ring; 3 - anchor; 4 - drive gear; 5 - screw for fastening the traction relay; 6 - electromagnetic traction relay; 7 - contact bolt; 8 - body; 9 - back cover; 10 - a bolt of fastening of a back cover
The engine electric start system includes a battery, a starter, a traction relay, an ignition switch, a starter interlock switch (only on vehicles with automatic transmission), connecting wires and battery wires.
When the ignition key is turned to the engine start position, battery current is supplied to the winding of the starter traction relay. In this case, the traction relay armature and the freewheel drive lever are displaced, the drive gear engages with the flywheel ring gear. The contacts close and the starter motor is turned on.
The presence of a freewheel protects the winding and the armature collector from being carried.
Adjusting the gap between the end face of the drive gear and the stop
Scheme of connecting the battery when adjusting the gap between the end face of the drive gear and the stop: 1 - switch; 2 - excitation winding wire; 3 - starter
The connection diagram of the battery when adjusting the gap between the end face of the drive gear and the stop is shown in the figure.
Disconnect the excitation wire from the output «M» traction relay.
Connect a 12 volt battery to the terminals «S» And «M».
The drive gear should move to the engaged position.
Attention! To prevent burnout of the winding, carry out the test as soon as possible (for no more than 10 s).
Using a feeler gauge, check the clearance between the end of the drive gear and the stop.
Gap between the end face of the drive gear and the stop: 1 - stop; 2 - gap between the end face of the drive gear and the stop; 3 - drive gear
The gap between the end face of the drive gear and the stop should be 0.5–2.0 mm.
If the axial play of the armature shaft does not fit within the specified limits, adjust it by installing or removing shims between the traction relay and the cover on the drive side.
Checking the retracting winding of the traction relay
Scheme of connecting the battery when checking the retracting winding of the starter traction relay: 1 - Battery; 2 - starter
The connection diagram of the battery when checking the retracting winding of the starter traction relay is shown in the figure.
Disconnect the excitation wire from the output «M» traction relay.
Attach a 12 volt battery to the terminals «S» And «M».
Attention! To prevent the winding from burning out, carry out the test as soon as possible (for no more than 10 s).
If the drive gear shifts to the engaged position, the solenoid winding of the relay is good. If this does not happen, replace the traction relay.
Checking the holding winding of the traction relay
Battery connection diagram when checking the holding winding of the starter traction relay: 1 - Battery; 2 - starter; 3 - excitation winding wire
The battery connection diagram when checking the holding winding of the starter traction relay is shown in the figure.
Disconnect the excitation wire from the output «M» traction relay.
Attach a 12 volt battery to the terminal «S» And «mass».
Attention! To prevent burnout of the winding, carry out the test as soon as possible (for no more than 10 s).
If the drive gear extends to the engaged position, the relay is good. If the gear repeatedly extends and returns to its original position, then there is a break in the holding winding. Replace the traction relay.
Idling check
Battery connection diagram when checking the starter in idle mode: 1 - starter; 2 - carbon rheostat; 3 - ammeter; 4 - voltmeter; 5 - Battery
Clamp the starter motor in a vise with soft jaws and attach a fully charged 12 volt battery to the starter motor as shown.
Connect test ammeter (with a scale of 100 A) and carbon rheostat.
Attach a voltmeter (scaled to 15 V) parallel to the starter.
Set the carbon rheostat to the off position.
Attach the wire from the negative battery terminal to the starter housing.
Using a rheostat, set the voltage to 11 V using a voltmeter.
Turn on the starter and check that the maximum current drawn is correct and that the starter armature rotates smoothly and easily.
The strength of the current consumed should be no more than 90 A, the armature speed should be at least 2800 min-1.
Checking the release of the traction relay
Scheme of connecting the battery when checking the release of the starter traction relay: 1 - Battery; 2 - starter; 3 - excitation winding wire
Disconnect the excitation wire from the output «M» traction relay.
Attach a 12 volt battery to the terminal «M» And «mass».
Attention! To prevent burnout of the winding, carry out the test as soon as possible (for no more than 10 s).
Extend and retract the drive gear. If the gear quickly returns to its original position, the traction relay is working properly. Otherwise replace the traction relay.
Removal and installation
1. Disconnect a wire from the negative plug of the storage battery.
2. Disconnect the speedometer drive cable and gearshift cable.
3. Disconnect from a starter a socket and a wire from the plug.
4. Turn out bolts and remove a starter.
5. Installation is carried out in the reverse order of removal.
Manifold check
1. Install the anchor in two V-shaped prisms and check the runout of the collector with an indicator.
- Nominal collector runout, mm: 0.05
- The maximum allowable value of the runout of the collector, mm: 0.1
2. Measure the diameter of the manifold.
- Nominal collector diameter, mm: 29.4
- Maximum allowable collector diameter, mm: 28.4
Checking the freewheel
1. Hold the freewheel housing with your hand and turn the gear. The gear should turn freely clockwise and lock when turned counterclockwise.
2. Check the condition of the freewheel gear teeth and replace if damaged. Also check the condition of the flywheel gear teeth.
Cleaning starter parts
1. Do not soak parts in solvent as this will damage the stator winding, traction relay and/or armature. Clean parts only by wiping with a dry, clean cloth.
2. Do not immerse the freewheel gear in solvent, as this will flush out the grease that was put in during the manufacture of the freewheel from the freewheel.
3. Clean the drive with a brush dampened with cleaning solvent, followed by wiping with a dry, clean cloth.
Brush replacement
1. Replace worn or oily brushes.
2. When replacing the field winding brush with pliers, break the worn brush, being careful not to damage the braided wire.
3. Sand the end of the braided rein with sandpaper to ensure it makes good contact with the new brush.
4. Insert the braided wire into the hole of the new brush and solder it. Next-