The oil pump takes oil from the engine oil pan and delivers it to the oil filter. There is a bypass valve on the pressure side of the oil pump. If the oil pressure is too high, the valve opens and part of the oil flows back into the engine sump.
Through the middle of the oil filter element, clean oil enters the main oil line. When the filter becomes clogged, a bypass valve located in the oil filter housing supplies unfiltered oil directly to the main oil line. There is a non-return valve in the oil filter pipe, which prevents the oil passages and hydraulic valve lifters of the engine from emptying. Channels for lubricating the crankshaft bearings depart from the main oil line. Through inclined holes in the crankshaft, oil is supplied to the connecting rod bearings, and from there it is sprayed onto the piston pins and cylinders. At the same time, oil is supplied through ascending channels to the cylinder head and ensures lubrication of the camshaft bearings and the operation of hydraulic tappets.
Oil consumption
Speaking of oil consumption in an internal combustion engine, we mean only the amount that is consumed during combustion (waste consumption). Under no circumstances should oil consumption be confused with oil loss due to leaks in the oil sump, cylinder head cover, etc. Normal oil consumption results from the combustion of a small amount in the cylinders, as well as from the removal of combustion residues and wear particles. Oil ages under the influence of high temperature and pressure in the engine cylinders. Oil consumption is also greatly influenced by external factors, such as driving style, as well as the accuracy of the manufacture of engine parts.
The maximum allowable oil consumption during operation can be 1 liter per 1000 km of run.
Upon reaching the mark «MIN» must add oil (the amount of oil to be added must not exceed 1 liter).
The choice of oil for the engine lubrication system
All-weather oil is used to lubricate Hyundai car engines. It can be used both in winter and in summer. The basis of all-season oils are liquid seasonal oils (e.g. viscosity grade 15W). By means of so-called thickeners, the oil is stabilized when hot, so that the necessary lubricating properties are ensured for each state. Letter «W» according to SAE classification indicates that this oil can be used in winter.
Low-speed oils are all-weather oils with antifriction additives; their use can save fuel up to 2%. Lightweight oils have a low viscosity (e.g. 10W-30). They require a special foundation (synthetic oils).
The recommended oil quality class according to API is not lower than SG or SH.
The recommended SAE oil viscosity grade is based on the expected ambient temperature until the next oil change.