Contents: Installing the jack ⇓ Lifting a car with a jack ⇓ Wheel replacement ⇓ Installing wheel nuts ⇓ Lowering the vehicle and tightening…⇓ After changing the wheels ⇓
The steps below can be used for both changing and rotating a tire. When preparing to change a flat tire, make sure the selector lever is in the P (Park) position (automatic transmission) or the gearshift lever is in the reverse position (manual transmission) and the parking brake is applied, then perform the steps below.
Fig. 1.195. Storage location for tools
Prepare the spare wheel and tools (Fig. 1.195).
Remove the spare tire, jack, jack handle and tool bag.
Note: The spare tire is located under the rear of the vehicle.
Block the wheel.
Fig. 1.196. Wheel lock
To prevent the vehicle from moving when jacked up, place brake shoes (stop blocks) under the wheel located on the opposite side diagonally to the wheel being replaced (Fig. 1.196).
Fig. 1.197. Procedure for loosening wheel nuts
Loosen the wheel nuts (Fig. 1.197).
Before raising the car, you need to loosen the lug nuts slightly. To do this, turn the handle of the wrench counterclockwise. Make sure that the head of the wrench tightly grips the lug nut. Then turn it, holding the end of the handle. Do not unscrew the lug nuts completely at this stage. Only loosen them by half a turn.
Installing the jack
Fig. 1.198. Locations for installing a portable jack
The jack base must be placed on a firm, level surface. The jack must be positioned as shown in Figure 1.198.
Lifting a car with a jack
Fig. 1.199. Raising the car with a jack
Insert the lug nut wrench into the jack handle as shown in Figure 1.199. Rotate the jack handle clockwise to raise the vehicle. Once the jack begins to lift the vehicle, recheck that it is securely in place. If the jack is on soft ground or sand, you may need to place a block, flat rock, or other object underneath it to keep it from sinking into the ground.
Raise the vehicle high enough to install a fully inflated tire. This will require raising the vehicle higher than it would take to remove a flat tire.
Wheel replacement
Remove the wheel cap from the wheel. Use a wrench to loosen the wheel nuts, then unscrew them by hand, remove the wheel and place it on the ground so that it does not roll away.
Fig. 1.200. Installing a new wheel
To put the wheel on the hub, lift it, align the holes with the studs and put the wheel on them (Fig. 1.200). If this is difficult, tilt the wheel slightly and first align the upper hole with the stud. Then rock the wheel to insert the remaining studs into the holes in the wheel.
Installing wheel nuts
Fig. 1.201. Installing wheel nuts
To install the wheel cover, hold it on the wheel, screw the wheel nuts onto the threads and tighten them by hand. The nuts must be installed with the conical part inward (Fig. 1.201). Wiggle the wheel to make sure it is completely seated, and tighten the wheel nuts again by hand.
Lowering the vehicle and tightening the wheel nuts
Fig. 1.202. Lowering the car
Lower the vehicle to the ground by turning the jack handle counterclockwise (Fig. 1.202).
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Place the wrench in the position shown in the figure and tighten the wheel nuts. Make sure that the wrench head fits tightly around the wheel nut. When tightening the wheel nuts, do not stand on the wheel wrench or extend it with a pipe, as this may cause the nut to be overtightened. Tighten all the wheel nuts one by one. Recheck the tightness of all the nuts.
Fig. 1.203. Tightening order of wheel nuts
After changing a wheel, take the vehicle to a specialist as soon as possible so that the mechanic can tighten the wheel nuts to the correct torque (Fig. 1.203).
Wheel nut tightening torque: steel wheel and aluminum alloy wheel – 90–110 Nm.
After changing the wheels
Fig. 1.204. Checking tire pressure
If you have a pressure gauge, remove the valve cap and check the air pressure in the tire. If the air pressure is lower than recommended, drive slowly to the nearest service station and restore the correct pressure. If the air pressure in the tire is higher than recommended, deflate it to the required value. After this, be sure to screw the cap onto the valve. If this is not done, air may escape through the valve. If the cap is lost, get and install a new one as soon as possible.
After changing tires, always reattach the flat tire and store the jack, jack handle and tools.